Israel and Palestine have been enemies for a very long time. The state of Israel was formed from territory in Syria(Palestine was formed in 1988, 40 years after Israel). After WWII, the UN decided that the Jewish peoples needed their own place after the atrocities by the Nazi doctrine.
The current war began when the terrorist cell Hamas launched an attack on Israel on the seventh of October. This does not excuse the war crimes committed against Palestine. The Israelis have been reported to have committed twenty-eight human rights violations, such as Israeli forces have committed random and unlawful killings, bombing hospitals, indiscriminate firing, causing civilian casualties, and an illegal blockade of the Gaza strip.
Hamas has committed a fair share of crimes, but not the Palestinian Government. Hamas is an international terrorist group, and as such has committed war crimes such as using human shields, taking and killing hostages, and using hospitals as shields. However, Hamas cannot be persecuted as it is an unlanded independent group.
Hamas actually has some honourable reasons to attack Israel, but, as terrorists, obviously are poorly executing them. Their reasons are: The Gaza blockade, Human rights violations, and possible threats on the Al-aqsa mosque. Naturally, there is a religious aspect between the Muslim-Jewish conflict.
Iran has backed Hamas and other Palestinian groups, as Israel attacked an area in the general area of the Iranian embassy in Syria. Perhaps it was an accident, perhaps it was malicious. What is important is that Israel is responsible for seventeen Iranian casualties.
Currently, the US has a general Pro-Israeli presence, as both presidential candidates, Kamala Harris and Donald Trump, will support the Jewish side.
According to Middle East Eye, a poll found that more than one third of Israelis believe Hamas has succeeded. Only twenty-seven percent of Israeli citizens believe that their government has won. Thirty-five percent think Hamas won, and the other thirty-eight per cent are unsure. The poll was conducted from over six hundred Israelis.
Most Arab countries are unhappy with the state of Jerusalem. Obviously, as a holy city of the three Abrahamic religions, tensions are high. As Israel has Jerusalem as a capitol, it is mostly Jewish. Now we are facing a Muslim Crusade against the Jewish rule.
It is possible that a factor of the conflict is the simple fact of misunderstanding. Instead of simply attacking those actually responsible, Hamas, the Israelis simply found them attacking from Palestine, and decided to attack the innocents.
As most of us know, the Middle-East has always had one bad thing or another going on. Currently, it is religious tensions and a geopolitical conflict. Unfortunately, this is just the way human nature is.